ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Cartilage disorders may deteriorate following oxidative stress injuries affecting mature chondrocytes. Meantime, mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs] can differentiate into chondrocytes in the presence of oxidative conditions and act as a source of compensation for injured chondrocytes. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of H2O2 on MSCs differentiation into chondrocytes in order to cast light on the dual roles of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diseases
Materials and Methods: Human mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from abdominal adipose tissue of three different donors and cultured in the presence of 50 microM H2O2 in order to differentiate into chondrocytes. We determined cell viability by tetrazolium assay and measured reactive oxygen species [ROS] level by flow cytometry. Presence of glycoseaminoglycans was confirmed by safranin staining
Results: The percentage of cells containing ROS was significantly higher in the cells treated with hydrogen peroxide [29.2% +/- 1] compared to that in the untreated control cells [7.7% +/- 1.4]. A significant increase in glycoseaminoglycan content was observed in H2O2 treated cells compared to that in the control cells both on the 9[th] day [treated: 1.57×104 +/- 0.1 vs control: 0.91×104 +/- 0.09] and 21[st] day [treated: 2.87×104 +/- 0.2 vs control: 0.96×104 +/- 0.07]. In addition, comparison of glycoseaminoglycan content on the 9[th] and 21[st] days showed a significantly higher content in both treated and control cells on the 21[st] day [p<0.05]
Conclusion: Hydrogen peroxide resulted in increased differentiation of adipose tissue-derived MSCs into chondrocytes. Therefore, we concluded that, oxidative stress had positive role in the induction of chondrocyte differentiation
ABSTRACT
Reduction in cerebral blood flow following cereblal ischemia cause the production of oxygen free radicals and finally leads to brain tissue destruction. Pyramidal cells of the CA1 region of hippocampus are highly sensitive to hypoxic condition. This study was done to determine the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG] and vitamine E on cellular density of CA1 hippocampal area, learning ability and memory, following ischemia - reperfusion injury in mice. This experimental study was done on 40 male mice in 5 groups as follow: sham control, ischemia, hCG treated, vitamine E treated and hCG + vitamine E treated groups. Single dose of vitamin E was injected intraperitonaly during the establishment of reperfusion and hCG was injected from 48h after ischemia for 5 days. Folowing the treatment period, mice brains were fixated by transcardial perfusion and stained by nissle method. The shuttle box was used to evaluate the learning memory. Co-administartion of vitamine E and hCG, significantly increased the cell numbers in hippocampus compared to the ischemic group [P<0.001]. Also learning and memory improved in treatment group in comparison with ischemia group [P<0.05]. Co-administration of vitamin E and hCG improved ischemia-induced neurodegenration and memory impairment